Saturday, July 12, 2008

Voguish contact lens to monitor diseases

Guys, US researchers have developed a contact lens with a built-in pressure sensor that could help monitor conditions such as glaucoma. Glaucoma is an eye disease that damages the optic nerve and impairs vision, sometimes progressing to blindness.

The device is based on a new technique, which can embed conducting circuits in the organic polymer traditionally used to make contact lenses. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is an elastic, transparent and gas-permeable organic polymer that can be cast-moulded into a range of simple shapes.

It is used in everything from contact lenses to breast implants, but the process of cast-moulding severely limits the kinds of structures that can be mad with the material. The researchers added a chemical to a liquid PDMS solution that causes the mixture to set, or polymerize, when zapped with UV light. Then, they exposed the mixture to UV light through a mask containing a circuit pattern.

Only the areas hit by the light polymerize and any remaining liquid can be washed away, leaving an imprint of the circuit. The technique can be used to create features just 10 micrometers in size.

The scientists also developed a technique to give the polymer another property - electrical conductivity - by adding a solution of silver to the mix. The silver then becomes a path along which electrons can pass. Since the resisting of the path changes as the material is stretched, the modified PDMS is suitable for a range of micro-sized electromechanical systems.

One of the first devices that the researchers have produced is a tiny pressure sensor, which they bent into the shape of a contact lens. A device can measure the stress on the cornea surface and the fluid pressure within the eye to monitor glaucoma and ocular hypertension. In glaucoma patients, that pressure rises and changes the eye's shape, which would in configuration will alter the resistance and give a different electrical reading.

The prototype is has an opaque sensor that would impair vision and so would be worn only briefly, but researchers are designing transparent equivalents that could be worn for long periods to give a continuous pressure read-out. The device also contains a small RFID tag to read the data wirelessly.

So guys check eyes to prevent glaucoma right now.

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